英文合同中terms和clauses的区别,是否可以通用?用Terms来指代合同条款,是指无论合同是否以书面形式存在,合同条款都存在
Terms和clauses均可以翻译为合同条款,但二者是有区别的,在某些情况下不能通用。
大多数合同甚至不需要书面形式(因此不需要包含任何“签约方”或“条款”)。合同由什么组成是另一个问题,但同样,只有某些类型的合同(例如房地产合同)才需要书面形式。
— most contracts do not even need to be in writing (and thus do not need to contain any "signing parties" or "clauses"). What makes up a contract is a separate question but, again, a writing is only necessary for certain types of contracts (e.g. real estate contracts).
用Terms来指代合同条款,是指无论合同是否以书面形式存在,合同条款都存在:它们是双方同意的关于合同的明确具体信息(或认知):双方是谁,他们为彼此做什么以及他们从中得到什么回报、时间、地点、数额以及双方认为对合同必不可少的任何内容。这些信息/知识可能只会留在各方的脑海中,永远不会以可读的形式呈现。合同将是完全有效和可执行的。
Terms of a contract exist regardless of whether it is in writing or not: they are plainly specific information (or knowledge) about the contract that the parties have agreed on: who the parties are, what they do for each other and what they get in return, times, places, numbers and whatever the parties consider essential to the contract. This information/knowledge may just stay in the minds of the parties and never be rendered in a readable form. The contract will be perfectly valid and enforceable.
Clauses所指的合同条款仅指书面合同中的组成条款。它们是由文本组成的段落,每个段落都针对合同的特定方面或关注点,例如当事人、付款、交付、不可抗力、终止、管辖权等。
Clauses are what written contracts composed of. They are just blocks of text each addressing specific aspect or concern of the contract e.g. Parties, Payment, Delivery, Force majeure, Termination, Jurisdiction etc.
因此,Clauses特指书面合同中明确约定的条款;而Terms的意思更为广泛,即使未签订书面合同,只要事实上存在合同关系,terms所称的合同条款(条件)均依双方的口头约定、交易习惯、行业惯例而存在,成为事实合同关系中对双方均具有约束力的条款。
另外,Agreement, Contract, Covenants均可以翻译为合同,你知道他们的区别吗?
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